The purpose of this Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) is to encourage clinical research that will identify and validate novel targets for non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) and SUD-relevant neurobiological, cognitive, and behavioral responses to NIBS that precede clinical outcomes like reduced craving or drug use. This NOFO uses an R01 activity code to support applications that propose mechanistic studies designed to understand a behavior or biological process, the pathophysiology of a disease, or the mechan...