The purpose of this Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) is to 1) invite applications that propose to develop and implement early to late stage clinical trials of promising pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to prevent and or treat the cognitive, behavioral,and neuropsychiatric changes associated with age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD) and 2) stimulate studies to enhance trial design and methods.: